1. What is the fluid component of blood that contains water, electrolytes, proteins, and hormones?
a. Plasma
b. Serum
c. Lymph
d. Erythrocytes
Answer: a. Plasma
2. Which of the following is responsible for the clotting of blood during wound healing?
a. Platelets
b. Erythrocytes
c. Leukocytes
d. Plasma
Answer: a. Platelets
3. What is the primary function of hemoglobin in red blood cells?
a. Oxygen transport
b. Blood clotting
c. Carbon dioxide transport
d. Antibody production
Answer: a. Oxygen transport
4. Which chamber of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body?
a. Right atrium
b. Left atrium
c. Right ventricle
d. Left ventricle
Answer: d. Left ventricle
5. What is the main function of the lymphatic system in circulation?
a. Oxygen transport
b. Nutrient absorption
c. Fluid balance and immunity
d. Waste elimination
Answer: c. Fluid balance and immunity
6. What is the name of the valve located between the left atrium and left ventricle in the heart?
a. Tricuspid valve
b. Mitral valve
c. Pulmonary valve
d. Aortic valve
Answer: b. Mitral valve
7. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart to various parts of the body?
a. Veins
b. Arteries
c. Capillaries
d. Venules
Answer: b. Arteries
8. What is the function of the sinoatrial (SA) node in the heart?
a. Regulation of blood pressure
b. Conduction of electrical signals for heart contraction
c. Oxygen transport
d. Clotting of blood
Answer: b. Conduction of electrical signals for heart contraction
9. Which component of the blood is responsible for the defense against infections and foreign substances?
a. Erythrocytes
b. Leukocytes
c. Platelets
d. Plasma
Answer: b. Leukocytes
10. What is the term for the relaxation phase of the heart during which chambers fill with blood?
a. Systole
b. Diastole
c. Aneurysm
d. Ischemia
Answer: b. Diastole
11. What is the function of the pulmonary veins in the circulatory system?
a. Carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs
b. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
c. Pump blood to the systemic circulation
d. Facilitate gas exchange in the capillaries
Answer: b. Carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart
12. Which of the following is a hormone that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance by influencing the reabsorption of water in the kidneys?
a. Insulin
b. Aldosterone
c. Thyroxine
d. Epinephrine
Answer: b. Aldosterone
13. What is the primary function of the lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?
a. Filtration of blood
b. Production of lymphocytes
c. Fluid balance
d. Defense against pathogens
Answer: d. Defense against pathogens
14. Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the body back to the heart?
a. Pulmonary artery
b. Aorta
c. Superior vena cava
d. Inferior vena cava
Answer: d. Inferior vena cava
15. During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the ventricles contract, forcing blood into the arteries?
a. Systole
b. Diastole
c. Atrial systole
d. Atrial diastole
Answer: a. Systole
16. What is the role of anticoagulants in the blood?
a. Promote blood clotting
b. Prevent blood clotting
c. Transport oxygen
d. Facilitate immune response
Answer: b. Prevent blood clotting
17. Which of the following is a blood pressure measurement representing the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest?
a. Systolic pressure
b. Diastolic pressure
c. Pulse pressure
d. Mean arterial pressure
Answer: b. Diastolic pressure
18. What is the purpose of the valves in the heart?
a. Regulate blood pressure
b. Prevent backflow of blood
c. Synthesize hormones
d. Initiate blood clotting
Answer: b. Prevent backflow of blood
19. Which vessel connects the arterial and venous sides of the circulatory system, allowing for the exchange of nutrients and gases with tissues?
a. Artery
b. Vein
c. Capillary
d. Venule
Answer: c. Capillary
20. What is the function of the pericardium in the heart?
a. Pump blood to the lungs
b. Regulate blood pressure
c. Protect and anchor the heart
d. Produce red blood cells
Answer: c. Protect and anchor the heart
21. Which WBCs from the list below have a role in allergic reactions?
1. Basophils
2. Eosinophils
3. Neutrophils
4. Monocytes
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
22. Of the following cells, which one produces platelets?
1. Erythrocytes
2. Thrombocytes
3. Megakaryocytes
4. Lymphocytes
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
23. What proportion of the total WBCs are lymphocytes?
1. 10-15%
2. 20-25%
3. 40-50%
4. 56%
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
24. Which of the following groups of cells contain the most WBCs?
1. Neutrophils
2. Basophils
3. Eosinophils
4. Lymphocytes
Answer- Option (1) is correct.
25. Which of the following does not basophil secrete?
1. Histamine,
2. Serotonin,
3. Heparin,
4. Serum.
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
26. How long on average do RBCs live?
1. 120 (seconds)
2. 120 (hours)
3. 120 (days)
4. 120 (weeks)
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
27. What color do leucocytes have?
1. White
2. Black
3. Red
4. Colorless
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
28. Among the following, which is not a formed element?
1. Erythrocytes
2. Leucocytes
3. Lymph
4. Platelets
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
29. Which of the following is necessary for blood to clot?
1. Fibrinogen
2. Albumin
3. Globulin
4. Magnesium Ions
Answer- Option (1) is correct.
30. What is plasma devoid of clotting components called?
1. Blood
2. Serum
3. Lymph
4. Fluid
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
31. What component is missing from blood?
1. Plasma
2. Fibroblast
3. Fluid matrix
4. Formed elements
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
32. Which of the following bodily fluids is utilized the most frequently?
1. Blood
2. Plasma
3. Lymph
4. Serum
Answer- Option (1) is correct.
33. What kind of tissue is blood?
1. Loose connective tissue
2. Dense connective tissue
3. Mucoid connective tissue
4. Specialised connective tissue
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
34. Which of the following cells is a phagocyte?
1. Eosinophils
2. Lymphocytes
3. Monocytes
4. Basophils
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
35. Where does adult erythrocyte formation take place?
1. Red bone marrow
2. Liver
3. Spleen
4. Muscles
Answer- Option (1) is correct.