1. Which of the following is a monosaccharide?
a. Sucrose
b. Glucose
c. Lactose
d. Maltose
Answer: b. Glucose
2. What is the general formula for monosaccharides?
a. CnH2nOn
b. CnH2nO2
c. CnH2n-1O
d. CnH2n+1O6
Answer: a. CnH2nOn
3. Which polysaccharide is stored in the liver and muscles of animals as a source of energy?
a. Cellulose
b. Starch
c. Glycogen
d. Chitin
Answer: c. Glycogen
4. What is the primary structural component of plant cell walls?
a. Starch
b. Glycogen
c. Cellulose
d. Chitin
Answer: c. Cellulose
5. Sucrose is a disaccharide formed by the combination of:
a. Glucose and galactose
b. Glucose and fructose
c. Glucose and glucose
d. Galactose and fructose
Answer: b. Glucose and fructose
6. Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of starch into maltose in the human digestive system?
a. Amylase
b. Maltase
c. Sucrase
d. Lactase
Answer: a. Amylase
7. Which of the following is an example of a reducing sugar?
a. Sucrose
b. Maltose
c. Lactose
d. Glucose
Answer: d. Glucose
8. What is the function of cellulose in the diet of herbivores?
a. Energy storage
b. Structural support
c. Rapid energy release
d. Water retention
Answer: b. Structural support
9. Which type of carbohydrate is commonly known as “blood sugar”?
a. Fructose
b. Maltose
c. Lactose
d. Glucose
Answer: d. Glucose
10. In the formation of a disaccharide, what type of bond links two monosaccharides together?
a. Glycosidic bond
b. Peptide bond
c. Ester bond
d. Hydrogen bond
Answer: a. Glycosidic bond
11. Which of the following is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose units?
a. Sucrose
b. Lactose
c. Maltose
d. Starch
Answer: b. Lactose
12. What is the primary function of chitin in living organisms?
a. Energy storage in plants
b. Structural component of bacterial cell walls
c. Structural support in fungal cell walls and exoskeleton of arthropods
d. Storage of glucose in animals
Answer: c. Structural support in fungal cell walls and exoskeleton of arthropods
13. Which type of carbohydrate cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler sugars and serves as a structural component in the outer coverings of certain bacteria and the exoskeleton of insects?
a. Polysaccharide
b. Disaccharide
c. Monosaccharide
d. Oligosaccharide
Answer: a. Polysaccharide
14. What is the primary storage polysaccharide in plants?
a. Starch
b. Glycogen
c. Cellulose
d. Chitin
Answer: a. Starch
15. Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of lactose into glucose and galactose in the human digestive system?
a. Amylase
b. Maltase
c. Lactase
d. Sucrase
Answer: c. Lactase
16. What is the structural difference between alpha and beta glucose?
a. Orientation of hydroxyl group at carbon-1
b. Number of carbon atoms
c. Presence of a double bond
d. Configuration of amino group
Answer: a. Orientation of hydroxyl group at carbon-1
17. Which carbohydrate is commonly used as an energy storage molecule in bacteria?
a. Glycogen
b. Starch
c. Cellulose
d. Peptidoglycan
Answer: d. Peptidoglycan
18. Which type of linkage connects monosaccharide units in cellulose, making it indigestible by most animals?
a. Alpha-1,4-glycosidic bond
b. Beta-1,4-glycosidic bond
c. Ester bond
d. Peptide bond
Answer: b. Beta-1,4-glycosidic bond
19. What is the main function of glycocalyx, a carbohydrate-rich layer on the surface of cells?
a. Energy storage
b. Cell communication
c. Structural support
d. Water absorption
Answer: b. Cell communication
20. Which of the following is an example of an oligosaccharide?
a. Sucrose
b. Lactose
c. Maltose
d. Raffinose
Answer: d. Raffinose
21. What is the name of the class of carbohydrates that cannot undergo additional hydrolysis?
1. Polysaccharides
2. Disaccharides
3. Proteoglycan
4. Monosaccharides
Answer – Option (4) is correct.
22. Which amino sugars from the list below are found in the bacterial cell wall?
1. Sialic acid,
2. N-acetylmuramic acid
3. Azide
4. Aminoglycoside
Answer – The correct option is (2).
23. What is the primary form in which animals store carbohydrates?
1. Cellulose
2. Chitin
3. Glycogen
4. Starch
Answer – Option (3) is correct.
24. Which assertion regarding sugar alcohol is FALSE?
1. Addition of the suffix “-itol”
2. A linear molecule that is incapable of cyclization
3. Carbonyl groups are converted to hydroxyl groups
4. The terminal -OH group oxidizes.
Answer – Option (4) is correct.
25. Which group of carbs qualifies as being “non-sugar”?
1. Monosaccharides
2. Disaccharides
3. Oligosaccharides
4. Polysaccharides
Answer – Option (4) is correct.
26. Which term can be used to describe carbohydrates?
1. Carbon hydrates
2. Carbonates
3. Glycolipids
4. Polysaccharides
Answer – Option (1) is correct.
27. What other term(s) is(are) used to refer to invert sugar?
1. Sucrose
2. Fructose
3. Dextrose
4. Glucose
Answer – Option (1) is correct.
28. Which of the following groups of substances does not belong to the broad category of carbohydrates?
1. Polyhydroxy ketones
2. Polyhydroxy carboxylic acids
3. Poly amino aldehydes
4. Polyhalo aldehydes
Answer- Option (1) is correct.
29. Which one of the following sugars is not reducing?
1. Galactose
2. Glucose
3. Fructose
4. Sucrose
Answer – Option (4) is correct.
30. Which of the subsequent disaccharides doesn’t have a pair of glucose units?
1. Trehalose
2. Cellobiose
3. Isomaltose
4. Lactulose
Answer – Option (4) is correct.
31. Which of these monosaccharide units does sucrose contain?
1. Fructose and galactose
2. Fructose and glucose
3. Glucose and galactose
4. Glucose and glucose
Answer – Option (2) is correct.
32. An example of a ________ is raffinose.
1. monosaccharide
2. disaccharide
3. trisaccharide
4. tetrasaccharide
Answer – Option (3) is correct.
33. One of the following is not a polysaccharide, which one?
1. Cellulose
2. Stachyose
3. Starch
4. Glycogen
Answer – Option (2) is correct.
34. The substance having a chemical formula of C2(H2O)2is a ______.
1. carbohydrate
2. a carboxylic acid
3. an aldehyde
4. a monosaccharide
Answer – Option (2) is correct.
35. Among the following carbs, which one is not sugar?
1. Glucose
2. Fructose
3. Lactose
4. Cellulose
Answer – Option (4) is correct.
36. Select the monosaccharide from the list below.
1. Deoxyribose
2. Sucrose
3. Maltose
4. Fructose
Answer – Option (1) is correct.
37. Which of the following carbs doesn’t fit into the Cx(H2O)yformula?
1. Fructose
2. Glucose
3. Deoxyribose
4. Lactose
Answer – Option (3) is correct.
38. Which of the following sugars does not have the chemical formula C12H22O11?
1. Galactose
2. Sucrose
3. Allolactose
4. Maltose
Answer – Option (1) is correct
39. Which of the following disaccharides hydrolyzes to two identical monosaccharide units?
1. Maltose
2. Sucrose
3. Lactose
4. Lactulose
Answer – Option (1) is correct.
40. The composition of Starch includes
1. Branching in both the amylose and amylopectin
2. Unbranched Amylose and amylopectin with branches
3. Amylose and amylopectin without branches
4. None of these
Answer – Option (2) is correct.