1. Who is credited with the discovery of cells using a simple microscope?
a. Robert Hooke
b. Anton van Leeuwenhoek
c. Robert Brown
d. Matthias Schleiden
Answer: a. Robert Hooke
2. Which of the following is a characteristic feature of prokaryotic cells?
a. Nucleus
b. Membrane-bound organelles
c. Linear DNA
d. Cell wall
Answer: d. Cell wall
3. What cellular structure is responsible for the synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
a. Nucleolus
b. Endoplasmic reticulum
c. Golgi apparatus
d. Mitochondrion
Answer: a. Nucleolus
4. What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum in a cell?
a. Synthesis of lipids and detoxification
b. Protein synthesis
c. Synthesis of ribosomal RNA
d. Modification and packaging of proteins
Answer: a. Synthesis of lipids and detoxification
5. Which organelle is responsible for the production of ATP through cellular respiration?
a. Golgi apparatus
b. Mitochondrion
c. Chloroplast
d. Lysosome
Answer: b. Mitochondrion
6. In which stage of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
a. G1 phase
b. S phase
c. G2 phase
d. M phase
Answer: b. S phase
7. What is the primary function of the lysosomes in a cell?
a. ATP synthesis
b. Digestion and waste removal
c. Protein synthesis
d. Photosynthesis
Answer: b. Digestion and waste removal
8. Which type of cellular transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient?
a. Passive transport
b. Facilitated diffusion
c. Active transport
d. Osmosis
Answer: c. Active transport
9. What is the role of ribosomes in a cell?
a. Synthesis of proteins
b. Synthesis of lipids
c. Storage of genetic material
d. Energy production
Answer: a. Synthesis of proteins
10. What is the function of the cell wall in plant cells?
a. Energy production
b. Support and protection
c. Synthesis of proteins
d. Intracellular transport
Answer: b. Support and protection
11. Which cellular structure is responsible for the synthesis of lipids and detoxification of drugs and poisons?
a. Nucleus
b. Endoplasmic reticulum
c. Ribosome
d. Golgi apparatus
Answer: b. Endoplasmic reticulum
12. What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus in a cell?
a. Synthesis of ATP
b. Protein synthesis
c. Modification and packaging of proteins
d. DNA replication
Answer: c. Modification and packaging of proteins
13. Which cellular organelle contains enzymes that break down cellular waste and foreign substances?
a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondrion
c. Lysosome
d. Chloroplast
Answer: c. Lysosome
14. In eukaryotic cells, where is genetic material (DNA) found?
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Cytoplasm
d. Cell membrane
Answer: a. Nucleus
15. What is the function of the cytoskeleton in a cell?
a. Storage of genetic material
b. Cellular respiration
c. Structural support and intracellular transport
d. Synthesis of ribosomal RNA
Answer: c. Structural support and intracellular transport
16. What is the term for the process by which cells engulf large particles or other cells by forming vesicles?
a. Endocytosis
b. Exocytosis
c. Pinocytosis
d. Phagocytosis
Answer: d. Phagocytosis
17. Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?
a. Nucleus
b. Mitochondrion
c. Chloroplast
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
Answer: c. Chloroplast
18. In which stage of the cell cycle does the cell actively carry out its normal functions and prepare for cell division?
a. G1 phase
b. S phase
c. G2 phase
d. M phase
Answer: a. G1 phase
19. What is the primary function of the central vacuole in plant cells?
a. Synthesis of proteins
b. Storage of genetic material
c. Cellular respiration
d. Storage of water and nutrients
Answer: d. Storage of water and nutrients
20. Which type of cell division is responsible for producing gametes (sperm and egg cells) in animals?
a. Mitosis
b. Meiosis
c. Binary fission
d. Budding
Answer: b. Meiosis
21. Animal cells are connected by _______
1. Desmosome
2. Cell wall
3. Cell Membrane
4. Plasmodesmata
Answer – 4, Plasmodesmata
22. The rRNA is synthesized by _________
1. Golgi body
2. Nucleus
3. Nucleolus
4. Cytoplasm
Answer – 3, Nucleolus
23. The Hammerling Experiment on Acetabularia involves the exchanging of
1. Nucleus
2. Cytoplasm
3. Gametes
4. Rhizoid
Answer – 1, Nucleus
24. The endomembrane system does not include which of the following?
1. Lysosome
2. Vacuole
3. Golgi complex
4. Peroxisome
Answer – 4, Peroxisome
25. Centriole takes part in the formation of ________?
1. Nucleus
2. Spindle
3. Cell plate
4. To start cell division
Answer – 2, Spindle
26. Which of the following cells can divide?
1. red blood cells
2. muscle cells
3. skin cells
4. nerve cells
Answer – 4, Nerve Cells
27. Which Organelles serve as major packaging regions for molecules distributed throughout the cell?
1. Vacuole
2. Plastid
3. Mitochondria
4. Golgi bodies
Answer – 4, Golgi bodies
28. Cell theory does not apply to
1. Fungus
2. Algae
3. Virus
4. Bacteria
Answer – 3, Virus
29. Organelles can be separated from the homogenate cell by
1. Autoradiography
2. Differential centrifugation
3. Chromatography
4. X-ray diffraction
Answer – 2, Differential Centrifugation
30. The Middle lamella is mainly composed of
1. Hemicellulose
2. Muramic acid
3. Calcium pectate
4. Phosphoglycerides
Answer – 3, Calcium pectate
31. Which of the following structures between two adjacent cells is an effective transport pathway?
1. Plasma
2. Endoplasmic reticulum
3. Plastoquinone
4. Plasmodesmata
Answer – 4, Plasmodesmata
32. The osmotic expansion of cells maintained in water is mainly regulated by
1. Ribosomes
2. Vacuole
3. chloroplast
4. Mitochondria
Answer – 2, Vacuole
33. Which of the following is the largest constituent of the membrane of the erythrocyte in human beings and is also responsible for performing most of the functions of the membrane
1. Proteins
2. Lipids
3. Glycolipids
4. Glycoproteins
Answer – 2, Lipids
34. Plastids used in storing proteins are called:
1. Aleuroplasts
2. Elaioplasts
3. Chromoplasts
Answer – 4, Chromoplast
35. Who concluded, based on his studies on plant tissues, that the presence of a cell wall is a unique character of plant cells?
1. Mathias Schleiden.
2. Theodore Schwann
3. Rudolph Virchow
4. Robert Hooke
Answer- 1, Mathias Schleiden