1. Which greenhouse gas is primarily responsible for global warming?
a. Carbon dioxide (CO2)
b. Methane (CH4)
c. Nitrous oxide (N2O)
d. Ozone (O3)
Answer: a. Carbon dioxide (CO2)
2. What is the main cause of deforestation worldwide?
a. Agricultural expansion
b. Urbanization
c. Logging
d. Industrial pollution
Answer: a. Agricultural expansion
3. Which environmental issue is associated with the thinning of the ozone layer?
a. Acid rain
b. Global warming
c. Ozone depletion
d. Soil erosion
Answer: c. Ozone depletion
4. What is the term for the gradual increase in the Earth’s average temperature due to human activities?
a. Global cooling
b. Climate change
c. Greenhouse effect
d. Desertification
Answer: b. Climate change
5. Which of the following is a major contributor to water pollution in rivers and lakes?
a. Industrial discharge
b. Deforestation
c. Air pollution
d. Nuclear waste
Answer: a. Industrial discharge
6. What is the primary source of mercury pollution in aquatic ecosystems?
a. Pesticides
b. Industrial emissions
c. Coal combustion
d. Oil spills
Answer: c. Coal combustion
7. Which environmental issue is associated with the excessive use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture?
a. Soil erosion
b. Desertification
c. Acid rain
d. Eutrophication
Answer: d. Eutrophication
8. What is the term for the loss of biodiversity due to human activities, such as habitat destruction and pollution?
a. Ozone depletion
b. Acid rain
c. Desertification
d. Biodiversity loss
Answer: d. Biodiversity loss
9. Which international agreement aims to address climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions?
a. Kyoto Protocol
b. Paris Agreement
c. Montreal Protocol
d. Rio Declaration
Answer: b. Paris Agreement
10. What is the primary cause of the “hole” in the ozone layer over Antarctica?
a. Deforestation
b. Industrial pollution
c. CFC emissions
d. Nuclear testing
Answer: c. CFC emissions
11. Which air pollutant is a major component of photochemical smog and is associated with respiratory issues?
a. Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
b. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
c. Carbon monoxide (CO)
d. Particulate matter (PM)
Answer: b. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2)
12. What is the primary cause of ocean acidification?
a. Deforestation
b. Greenhouse gas emissions
c. Oil spills
d. Overfishing
Answer: b. Greenhouse gas emissions
13. Which environmental issue is caused by the accumulation of non-biodegradable plastics in the oceans?
a. Acid rain
b. Ozone depletion
c. Marine pollution
d. Desertification
Answer: c. Marine pollution
14. What is the term for the loss of topsoil and fertility due to wind or water erosion?
a. Desertification
b. Deforestation
c. Erosion
d. Salinization
Answer: a. Desertification
15. Which gas, released during the combustion of fossil fuels, contributes to both air pollution and climate change?
a. Oxygen (O2)
b. Carbon monoxide (CO)
c. Methane (CH4)
d. Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
Answer: c. Methane (CH4)
16. What is the primary source of indoor air pollution in households that rely on solid fuel for cooking and heating?
a. Radon gas
b. Carbon monoxide (CO)
c. Particulate matter (PM)
d. Tobacco smoke
Answer: c. Particulate matter (PM)
17. Which environmental issue is associated with the depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere?
a. Acid rain
b. Desertification
c. Ozone depletion
d. Greenhouse effect
Answer: c. Ozone depletion
18. What is the term for the deliberate release of harmful substances into the environment, often as an act of protest or sabotage?
a. Pollution
b. Deforestation
c. Biodegradation
d. Eco-terrorism
Answer: d. Eco-terrorism
19. Which environmental issue is linked to the loss of wetlands and mangroves, impacting coastal ecosystems?
a. Soil erosion
b. Desertification
c. Ocean acidification
d. Habitat loss
Answer: d. Habitat loss
20. What is the primary goal of sustainable development in addressing environmental issues?
a. Economic growth at any cost
b. Preservation of natural resources
c. Rapid industrialization
d. Increased pollution control
Answer: b. Preservation of natural resources
21. Which of the following best describes environmental chemistry?
1. Study of chemical interactions that take place in water, air, land, biological ecosystems, and human activities
2. Study of only chemical processes that take place in biological, terrestrial, aquatic, and atmospheric environments
3. Study of only chemical interactions that take place in water, air, and land
4. None of the above
Answer- Option (1) is correct.
22. What is the dominating range of light wavelengths in the lower atmosphere?
1. Less than 100 nm
2. Greater than 300 nm
3. Between 100 and 300 nm
4. All wavelengths are equally present
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
23. Which of the following pollutant categories best describes cultural eutrophication?
1. Noise pollution
2. Thermal pollution
3. Soil pollution
4. Water pollution
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
24. Which of the following best describes the field of environmental science?
1. Study of just human-environment interactions
2. Study of only environment-physical component interactions
3. Research on how chemical elements interact with the environment
4. Research on how the environment’s physical, chemical, and biological elements interact
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
25. What one of the following is true about water vapor?
1. Water vapor is the liquid phase of water
2. The gaseous phase of water
3. The solid phase of water
4. All the previously mentioned
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
26. What is the procedure for clearing a region of its forest cover known?
1. Forestry conversion
2. Deforestation
3. Pollution
4. The greenhouse impact
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
27. Which of the following processes is used by farmers to clear forests of trees and burn plant debris?
1. Room culture
2. Jhum cultivation
3. Crop cultivation
4. Reforestation
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
28. Which honor is bestowed on rural dwellers or groups that have made noteworthy contributions and demonstrated a commitment to safeguarding wildlife across the nation?
1. The Arjuna Award
2. The Padma Bhushan Award
3. The Rajiv Gandhi Wildlife Conservation Award
4. The Amrita Devi Bishnoi Wildlife Protection Award
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
29. What is the full form of DDT?
1. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
2. Diphenyldichlorotrichloroethane
3. Dichlorodiphenyltriphenylethane
4. Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
30. Which of the following doesn’t makeup DDT?
1. Carbon
2. Fluorine
3. Chlorine
4. Hydrogen
Answer- Option(b) is correct.
31. Which of the following is a degradable pollutant?
1. Chemicals
2. Metals
3. Vegetable Wastes
4. Plastic
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
32. Which of the following has not become a global concern since the development of environmental biotechnology?
1. Marine pollution
2. Oil spills
3. Topsoil erosion
4. Global warming
Answer- Option (3) is correct.
33. Which of the following does not contribute to the decline or extinction of species?
1. Land conversion
2. Unsustainable resource extraction
3. The introduction of foreign species
4. Reforestation
Answer- Option (4) is correct.
34. The main factor contributing to environmental degradation is ____.
1. Bio-magnification
2. Nitrogen deposition
3. Quorum quenching
4. Lyophilization
Answer- Option (2) is correct.
35. Which of the following techniques for getting rid of solid waste releases organic contaminants into the environment?
1. Landfilling
2. Incineration
3. Phytoremediation
4. Biological treatment
Answer- Option (2) is correct.