1. Which type of muscle is under voluntary control?
a. Smooth muscle
b. Cardiac muscle
c. Skeletal muscle
d. Involuntary muscle
Answer: c. Skeletal muscle
2. What is the structural and functional unit of a muscle?
a. Sarcomere
b. Myofibril
c. Muscle fiber
d. Myosin filament
Answer: a. Sarcomere
3. Which protein is responsible for the sliding movement of actin and myosin filaments during muscle contraction?
a. Troponin
b. Tropomyosin
c. Myosin
d. Actin
Answer: d. Actin
4. What is the neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction to initiate muscle contraction?
a. Serotonin
b. Dopamine
c. Acetylcholine
d. Norepinephrine
Answer: c. Acetylcholine
5. Which type of joint allows free movement in all directions and is found in the shoulder and hip?
a. Hinge joint
b. Ball and socket joint
c. Pivot joint
d. Gliding joint
Answer: b. Ball and socket joint
6. The attachment of a muscle to the bone that remains relatively fixed during contraction is called the:
a. Insertion
b. Origin
c. Tendon
d. Ligament
Answer: b. Origin
7. During muscle contraction, what happens to the length of the sarcomere?
a. It shortens
b. It lengthens
c. It remains the same
d. It disappears
Answer: a. It shortens
8. Which component of the skeletal system provides a protective enclosure for the spinal cord?
a. Skull
b. Ribs
c. Vertebral column
d. Pelvic girdle
Answer: c. Vertebral column
9. In the context of muscle contraction, what is the role of calcium ions?
a. Activate troponin
b. Break down ATP
c. Inhibit myosin binding
d. Harden the sarcolemma
Answer: a. Activate troponin
10. Which connective tissue surrounds and protects individual muscle fibers?
a. Tendon
b. Ligament
c. Perimysium
d. Epimysium
Answer: c. Perimysium
11. Which protein provides elasticity to muscles and is commonly found in tendons and ligaments?
a. Collagen
b. Myosin
c. Actin
d. Troponin
Answer: a. Collagen
12. What is the name of the tough, fibrous tissue that connects muscle to bone?
a. Ligament
b. Tendon
c. Cartilage
d. Synovium
Answer: b. Tendon
13. Which neurotransmitter is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses across the neuromuscular junction?
a. Serotonin
b. Dopamine
c. Acetylcholine
d. Norepinephrine
Answer: c. Acetylcholine
14. In the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction, what happens to the distance between the Z-lines of the sarcomere during contraction?
a. Increases
b. Remains constant
c. Decreases
d. Disappears
Answer: c. Decreases
15. Which of the following is a function of the synovial fluid in joints?
a. Providing nutrients to bones
b. Reducing friction between joint surfaces
c. Transmitting nerve impulses
d. Facilitating muscle contraction
Answer: b. Reducing friction between joint surfaces
16. Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle generates force but does not change in length?
a. Isotonic contraction
b. Isometric contraction
c. Eccentric contraction
d. Concentric contraction
Answer: b. Isometric contraction
17. What is the name of the neurotransmitter receptor on the muscle cell membrane that binds to acetylcholine?
a. Sarcomere receptor
b. Troponin receptor
c. Tropomyosin receptor
d. Nicotinic receptor
Answer: d. Nicotinic receptor
18. Which part of the human skeleton is involved in both protection of vital organs and the formation of blood cells?
a. Skull
b. Ribcage
c. Pelvic girdle
d. Vertebral column
Answer: b. Ribcage
19. The region of the sarcomere where only thin filaments (actin) are present is known as the:
a. H zone
b. A band
c. I band
d. M line
Answer: c. I band
20. What is the main function of the synovial membrane in a joint?
a. Producing synovial fluid
b. Anchoring bones together
c. Providing structural support
d. Transmitting nerve signals
Answer: a. Producing synovial fluid
21. The human skull is made up of 22 bones, the …cranium and the facial bones ……….
1. 10,12
2. 14, 8
3. 12,10
4. 8, 14
Answer- 1 – 10,12
22. The clavicle is articulated with the following:
1. Xiphoid process of the sternum
2. Acromion of the scapula
3. The glenoid cavity of the scapula
4. Head of the humerus
Answer – 2, the acromion of the scapula.
23. Hypocalcemia may lead to:-
1. Kidney stones
2. Cholelithiasis
3. Stronger muscle contractions
4. Tetany
Answer – 4, tetany
24. The pivot joint between the atlas and the axis is a type of
1. fibrous joint
2. synovial joint
3. saddle joint
4. cartilaginous joint
Answer – 2, Synovial joint
25. This ion is responsible for unmasking active sites for myosin or cross-bridge activity during muscle contraction
1. Potassium
2. Magnesium
3. Calcium
4. Sodium
Answer – 3, Calcium
26. In sustained muscle contractions, there is a lack of relaxation between successive stimuli known as ____________
1. fatigue
2. tonus
3. tetanus
4. spasm
Answer – 3, tetanus
27. A motor neuron stimulates a muscle fiber at___________
1. the sarcoplasmic reticulum
2. the myofibril
3. the transverse tubules
4. the neuromuscular junction
Answer – 4, the neuromuscular junction
28. Humans have the most prominent sesamoid bone, the ______
1. Pelvis
2. Femur
3. Ulna
4. Patella
Answer – 4, Patella
29. The skull’s _______ is the only part that can move.
1. Nasal Conchae
2. Mandible
3. Vomer
4. Maxilla
Answer – 2, mandible
30. Skeletal muscle bundles are held together by a standard connective tissue layer called
1. Perimysium
2. Endomysium
3. Fascia
4. Aponeurosis
Answer – 3, Fascia
31. What is the incorrect set of antagonistic muscles?
1. Flexor – Relaxor
2. Abductor – Adductor
3. Pronator – Supinator
4. Levator – Depressor
Answer – 1, Flexor – Relaxor
32. Select the correct statement regarding the specific muscular or skeletal disorder
1. Gout — inflammation of joints caused by calcium deposition
2. Muscular dystrophy — age-related shortening of muscles
3. Osteoporosis — decreased bone mass and a higher risk of fractures with aging
4. Myasthenia gravis — an autoimmune disorder that affects myosin filament sliding
Answer – 4, Myasthenia gravis — an autoimmune disorder that affects myosin filament sliding
33. This is the correct description of a certain part of a normal human skeleton
1. Glenoid activity is a depression to which the thigh bone articulates
2. the first vertebra is the axis which articulates with the occipital condyles
3. the 9th and 10th pairs of ribs are called the floating ribs
4. The parietal bone and the temporal bone of the skull are joined by a fibrous joint
Answer – 2, The first vertebra is the axis, which articulates with the occipital condyles.
34. All of the following lengths are reduced during muscle contraction except for:
1. H-Zone
2. A-Band
3. Band
4. Sacromere
Answer – 2, A-Band
35. The clavicle is articulated with the:
1. Xiphoid process of the sternum
2. Acromion of the scapula
3. The glenoid cavity of the scapula
4. Head of the humerus
Answer – 2, Acromion of the scapula