1. Which essential mineral nutrient is a component of chlorophyll and is vital for photosynthesis in plants?
a. Iron
b. Magnesium
c. Zinc
d. Manganese
Answer: b. Magnesium
2. What is the main function of nitrogen in plants?
a. Enhancing root development
b. Facilitating flower formation
c. Boosting chlorophyll synthesis
d. Improving water uptake
Answer: c. Boosting chlorophyll synthesis
3. Which of the following is a symptom of potassium deficiency in plants?
a. Yellowing of leaves
b. Stunted growth
c. Wilting
d. Purple discoloration
Answer: b. Stunted growth
4. What is the role of phosphorus in plants?
a. Enhancing seed germination
b. Promoting root growth
c. Improving resistance to diseases
d. Facilitating water transport
Answer: b. Promoting root growth
5. Which mineral nutrient is crucial for the formation of amino acids, proteins, and nucleic acids in plants?
a. Zinc
b. Manganese
c. Nitrogen
d. Calcium
Answer: c. Nitrogen
6. What is the primary function of calcium in the human body?
a. Blood clotting
b. Nerve transmission
c. Hemoglobin synthesis
d. Bone and teeth formation
Answer: d. Bone and teeth formation
7. Which mineral is a component of hemoglobin and is essential for oxygen transport in the bloodstream?
a. Iron
b. Zinc
c. Copper
d. Selenium
Answer: a. Iron
8. Iodine deficiency in humans can lead to:
a. Rickets
b. Goiter
c. Osteoporosis
d. Anemia
Answer: b. Goiter
9. What is the role of potassium in animals and humans?
a. Muscle contraction
b. Blood clotting
c. Nerve transmission
d. Hemoglobin synthesis
Answer: a. Muscle contraction
10. Which mineral is crucial for the formation of thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism in humans?
a. Iodine
b. Magnesium
c. Phosphorus
d. Fluoride
Answer: a. Iodine
11. Which mineral nutrient is essential for the activation of enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism in plants?
a. Molybdenum
b. Calcium
c. Potassium
d. Boron
Answer: a. Molybdenum
12. What is the main function of iron in plants?
a. Photosynthesis
b. Seed germination
c. Water uptake
d. Root growth
Answer: a. Photosynthesis
13. Which mineral is involved in the formation of cell walls, nucleic acids, and energy transfer in plants?
a. Magnesium
b. Sulfur
c. Copper
d. Zinc
Answer: b. Sulfur
14. What is the role of manganese in plants?
a. Enzyme activation
b. Flower development
c. Water transport
d. Seed germination
Answer: a. Enzyme activation
15. Which of the following is a symptom of calcium deficiency in plants?
a. Yellowing of leaves
b. Blossom-end rot
c. Stunted growth
d. Wilting
Answer: b. Blossom-end rot
16. Which mineral is essential for the proper functioning of insulin and plays a role in glucose metabolism in humans?
a. Chromium
b. Zinc
c. Copper
d. Selenium
Answer: a. Chromium
17. What is the primary function of magnesium in the human body?
a. Blood clotting
b. Bone formation
c. Muscle contraction
d. Nerve transmission
Answer: c. Muscle contraction
18. Which mineral is a component of teeth and is important for the prevention of dental cavities?
a. Fluoride
b. Phosphorus
c. Calcium
d. Sodium
Answer: a. Fluoride
19. Copper deficiency in humans can lead to disorders in the metabolism of which molecule?
a. Hemoglobin
b. Collagen
c. Thyroid hormones
d. Nucleic acids
Answer: a. Hemoglobin
20. Which mineral is crucial for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and ATP, and is a component of bone and teeth in humans?
a. Phosphorus
b. Sodium
c. Potassium
d. Zinc
Answer: a. Phosphorus
21. Cytochrome is
1. Metallo flavoproteins
2. Fe containing porphyrin pigment
3. Glycoprotein
4. Lipid
Answer- b, Fe containing porphyrin pigment
22. NO2 is converted to NO3 by which bacteria?
1. Nitrobacter
2. Nitrosomonas
3. Nitrosococcus
4. Bacillus vulgaris
Answer- a, Nitobacter
23. What causes nitrogen fixation in Alnus root nodules?
1. Bradyrhizobium
2. Clostridium
3. Frankia
4. Azorhizobium
Answer- c, Frankia
24. Which of the following is a symbiotic nitrogen fixer?
1. Azotobacter
2. Frankia
3. Azolla
4. Glomus
Answer- b, Frankia
25. What characteristic is not necessary to consider a nutrient essential?
1. The element does not grow and develop the body
2. Element is part of metabolic processes in plant
3. Another element cannot perform the same function
4. None of the above
Answer- d, None of the above
26. Which of the following is an essential mineral nutrient?
1. Oxygen
2. Hydrogen
3. Carbon
4. Nitrogen
Answer- d, Nitrogen
27. Who proposed the idea that plants require essential minerals?
1. Bernand Simpson
2. Aristotle
3. Von Haier
4. Arnon and Stout
Answer- d, Arnon and Stout
28. A lack of micronutrients affects plant growth and vital functions such as photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron flow. What three elements below will have the most significant impact on photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport?
1. Co, Ni, Mo
2. Ca, K, Na
3. Mn, Co, Ca
4. Cu, Mn, Fe
Answer- d, Cu, Mn, Fe
29. Which of the following elements is not an essential micronutrient for plant growth?
1. Zn
2. Cu
3. Ca
4. Mn
Answer- c, Ca
30. Under which technique do plants grown have roots in the air?
1. Aeroponics
2. Aerosolization
3. Aerophytes
4. Osmosis
Answer- a, aeroponics
31. Which is not a trace element?
1. Boron
2. Zinc
3. Sodium
4. Carbon
Answer- c, Sodium
32. What is the function of zinc?
1. Chlorophyll synthesis
2. Carbohydrate oxidization
3. 3-1AA synthesis
4. Closing of stomata
Answer- c, 3-1AA synthesis
33. Fixed nitrogen is released to the atmosphere as dinitrogen gas (N2) by which two distinct microbial processes?
1. Anaerobic ammonium oxidation, and denitrification
2. Aerobic nitrate oxidation, and nitrite reduction
3. Decomposition of organic nitrogen, and conversion of dinitrogen to ammonium compounds
4. Enteric fermentation in cattle, and nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium in root nodules of legumes
Answer- a, Anaerobic ammonium oxidation, and denitrification
34. Biotin contains which of the following elements?
1. Sulphur
2. Magnesium
3. Calcium
4. Phosphorus
Answer- a, Sulphur
35. What role does an essential element not play?
1. being a component of biomolecules
2. changing the chemistry of soil
3. being a structural component of energy-related chemical
4. activation or inhibition of enzymes
Answer- b, changing the chemistry of soil.